<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><rss xmlns:atom='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0' version='2.0'><channel><atom:id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332</atom:id><lastBuildDate>Wed, 28 Apr 2010 09:19:05 +0000</lastBuildDate><title>WizCast: Podcasts from the Young Wizards Universe</title><description>Diane Duane podcasts direct to fans of the &lt;A HREF="http://www.youngwizards.com"&gt;"Young Wizards" novels,&lt;/A&gt; answering readers' questions and reading from the newest YW novel in progress. Check here or on the &lt;A HREF="http://youngwizardsnewsandevents.blogspot.com"&gt;YW news and events blog&lt;/A&gt; for more details.</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/</link><managingEditor>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</managingEditor><generator>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>16</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-4050700798326530877</guid><pubDate>Wed, 28 Apr 2010 09:19:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2010-04-28T02:19:05.092-07:00</atom:updated><title>This blog has moved</title><description>&lt;br /&gt;       This blog is now located at http://wizcast.blogspot.com/.&lt;br /&gt;       You will be automatically redirected in 30 seconds, or you may click &lt;a href='http://wizcast.blogspot.com/'&gt;here&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;       For feed subscribers, please update your feed subscriptions to&lt;br /&gt;       http://wizcast.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default.&lt;br /&gt;  &lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-4050700798326530877?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2010/04/this-blog-has-moved.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-117147249215589771</guid><pubDate>Wed, 14 Feb 2007 16:59:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2007-02-14T09:01:32.166-08:00</atom:updated><title>After a long quiet time...new podcasts coming</title><description>A lot of business started to get in the way after this blog opened up and we did our first podcasts. Now it's time to get them running again.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Within the next couple of weeks we're going to start doing podcasts of early chapter material from &lt;i&gt;A Wizard of Mars&lt;/i&gt;. Stay tuned...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="tag_list"&gt;Tags: &lt;span class="tags"&gt;&lt;a href="http://technorati.com/tag/A+Wizard+of+Mars" rel="tag"&gt;A Wizard of Mars&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://technorati.com/tag/Young+Wizards" rel="tag"&gt;Young Wizards&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://technorati.com/tag/Diane+Duane" rel="tag"&gt;Diane Duane&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-117147249215589771?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2007/02/after-long-quiet-timenew-podcasts.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112548704836329078</guid><pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2005 11:06:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-08-31T04:17:28.370-07:00</atom:updated><title>Initial "Wizards at War" podcast re-rescheduled</title><description>A note from DD:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Folks, I'm sorry to have missed the August 20th date for posting our new podcast. The leg injury I incurred earlier in the month meant that much necessary work did not get done for the first couple weeks of the month -- so I had to turn my attention to cleaning that up first. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I expect to be posting that podcast sometime in the first week of September. Please check here for information on the exact date.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Apologies, and thanks again."&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112548704836329078?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/08/initial-wizards-at-war-podcast-re_31.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112548643402611735</guid><pubDate>Wed, 31 Aug 2005 11:06:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-08-31T04:07:14.033-07:00</atom:updated><title>Initial "Wizards at War" podcast re-rescheduled</title><description>A note from DD:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Folks, I'm sorry to have missed the August 20th date for posting our new podcast. The leg injury I incurred earlier in the month meant that much necessary work did not get done for the first couple weeks of the month -- so I had to turn my attention to cleaning that up first. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I expect to be posting that podcast sometime in the first week of September. Please check here for information on the exact date.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"Apologies, and thanks again."&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112548643402611735?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/08/initial-wizards-at-war-podcast-re.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112393243303831951</guid><pubDate>Sat, 13 Aug 2005 11:24:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-08-13T04:27:13.046-07:00</atom:updated><title>First "Wizards at War" podcast postponed</title><description>Due to Diane Duane's recent &lt;A HREF="http://www.outofambit.blogspot.com/2005_08_01_outofambit_archive.html#112374883992713081"&gt;accident at Dublin Airport&lt;/A&gt;, the publication / airing of the first reading from &lt;i&gt;Wizards at War&lt;/i&gt; is being postponed until approximately August 20th. DD apologizes for the delay, and also thanks all the nice people who've sent her get-well wishes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Please check here late next week for an update.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112393243303831951?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/08/first-wizards-at-war-podcast-postponed.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112259056446275999</guid><pubDate>Thu, 28 Jul 2005 22:41:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-28T15:42:44.466-07:00</atom:updated><title>New Q&amp;A podcast now up</title><description>It's about twenty minutes long, featuring questions from Peter Murray, Mitchy, and Nathan.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112259056446275999?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/new-qa-podcast-now-up.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112236434534878462</guid><pubDate>Tue, 26 Jul 2005 07:32:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-26T01:09:12.153-07:00</atom:updated><title>First "Q&amp;A" podcast airs Thursday, 28 July</title><description>DD is presently recording the first podcast answering some questions submitted by readers and fans via email. It should be posted around 1800 UT on Thursday, 28 July.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112236434534878462?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/first-qa-podcast-airs-thursday-28-july.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112152113412888552</guid><pubDate>Sat, 16 Jul 2005 13:36:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-16T06:50:47.990-07:00</atom:updated><title>Something useful:  Podcast player at Podnova.com</title><description>For those of you who don't have podcast-receiving software (or are having trouble getting yours to work), Podnova has something handy:  a Flash-based podcast player on the directory page for each podcast.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When you search for WizCast there, &lt;A HREF="http://www.podnova.com/index_podnova_station.srf?url=http://wizcast.youngwizards.net/wizcast.rss&amp;fkg="&gt;this page&lt;/A&gt; comes up and presents you with the player. Click on the podcast you're interested in hearing, and it starts to load.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;We'll see if we can install something similar here.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112152113412888552?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/something-useful-podcast-player-at.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112151336647207783</guid><pubDate>Sat, 16 Jul 2005 11:24:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-16T04:30:57.480-07:00</atom:updated><title>Better version of "Uptown Local" goes up</title><description>DD says:  "I've resampled the audio of the original recording to a higher bitrate: there should be some improvement. Please ask people to leave a comment and let us know how it sounds. ...But in future, for readings, we'll use the Really Good Mike and sample pretty high to start with, using the big machine's sound card for recording. (This recording was made on the little Sony digital recorder.)  The 'chat and Q&amp;A' podcasts, because they'll be more informal, can stay at the lower bitrate and use the Sony.)"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Comments are now enabled (at least, until the comment-spammers find us...): so please take a moment to let us know how the sound quality seems to you. We'll be doing at least a couple more test recordings to implement our listeners' suggestions within the next couple of weeks.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112151336647207783?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/better-version-of-uptown-local-goes-up.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>4</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112138788597914384</guid><pubDate>Fri, 15 Jul 2005 00:32:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-14T17:38:05.983-07:00</atom:updated><title>Sound quality problems</title><description>DD says:  "I'm not wild about the sound quality on the upload of 'Uptown Local': it sounds like I'm in a bucket. I'll generate a higher-bitrate version in the morning." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the meantime, the story is still available on the RSS feed as of now, though none of the podcast directories will be pinged until a version with better sound goes up.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112138788597914384?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/sound-quality-problems_14.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112135870466953440</guid><pubDate>Thu, 14 Jul 2005 16:26:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-14T09:31:44.670-07:00</atom:updated><title>"Uptown Local" reading goes up today</title><description>DD has finished editing her test recording of the Young Wizards short story "Uptown Local", and will be podcasting it  later today.  Check the RSS feed (or ask your podcasting client to do an update) in about four hours from this message's posting time.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112135870466953440?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/uptown-local-reading-goes-up-today_14.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112104139973049650</guid><pubDate>Mon, 11 Jul 2005 00:18:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-11T02:29:07.950-07:00</atom:updated><title>Second test podcast goes up</title><description>Within an hour or so of this message being posted, "Some Thoughts On Fan Fiction" will be available for download from the &lt;A HREF="http://wizcast.youngwizards.net/wizcast.rss"&gt;WizCast podcast link.&lt;/A&gt;  The podcast contains a brief (ten minutes or so) discussion by DD of some of her thoughts about fanfiction in the YW universe and elsewhere.  In case the "interior" link in the podcast doesn't work, check &lt;A HREF="http://outofambit.blogspot.com/archives/2003_12_01_outofambit_archive.html#107193169212882105"&gt;this blog link&lt;/A&gt; for the earlier article she's referencing. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The podcast/reading of "Uptown Local" will be posted in the next day or so as DD continues to alternately cajole and bitch-slap her recording equipment into behaving properly.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112104139973049650?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/second-test-podcast-goes-up.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112093181745927713</guid><pubDate>Sat, 09 Jul 2005 17:54:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-11T02:22:43.133-07:00</atom:updated><title>Questions to be handled in upcoming podcasts</title><description>We'll add them to this post as they come in. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From Mitchy:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"I've noticed two alien types that re-occur in your books:  The multi-tentacled species called Sulamids (from various ST books and at least one Wizard book that I can recall) and walking, talking Christmas trees (the Lahit in "Doctor's Orders" and Filif from "Wizard's Holiday"). I was just curious as to how these guys came about. I'm assuming you're very fond of them as they keep cropping up and I don't blame you: they're pretty nifty cool :)"&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;From Peter Murray: &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;"1) Was Michael already within Ronan before his Ordeal? We were discussing in chat if he went from what happened in HW to Ronan, or if it's the non-sequential time thing again.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;(DD) -- &gt;PM -- Good question. I'll look into it.&lt;br /&gt;(PM) I wondered if you were likely to answer in the Concordance.&lt;br /&gt;(DD) --&gt; PM -- Might make sense.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I don't know if this was a "think about it" one, or if that's the definitive answer :) :&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2) Did Annie and her grandmother each know the other was a wizard?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;(DD)--&gt; PM -- Good question...I have No Idea.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;New:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3) When was the Song of the Twelve first sung? It was more than ten thousand years ago, and it says maybe two million in DW somewhere."&lt;br /&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112093181745927713?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/questions-to-be-handled-in-upcoming.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112084703340525618</guid><pubDate>Fri, 08 Jul 2005 18:19:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-08T11:23:53.406-07:00</atom:updated><title>First podcast is up</title><description>DD's reading of the afterword from the 20th-anniversary edition of &lt;i&gt;So You Want to Be a Wizard&lt;/i&gt; is now located here:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;center&gt;&lt;A HREF="http://wizcast.youngwizards.net/wizcast.rss"&gt;http://wizcast.youngwizards.net/wizcast.rss&lt;/A&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reading of the short story "Uptown Local" will be added to the same site tomorrow.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112084703340525618?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/first-podcast-is-up.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112082198563774320</guid><pubDate>Fri, 08 Jul 2005 11:13:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-08T06:44:38.086-07:00</atom:updated><title>Test podcasts air today or tomorrow</title><description>Depending on editing time, DD's first couple of podcasts -- a pair of equipment tests -- will be available today or tomorrow.  As an introduction, she'll be reading the afterword to the twentieth-anniversary edition of &lt;A HREF="http://www.youngwizards.com/The_Books/SoYouWantToBeAWizard.html"&gt;&lt;i&gt;So You Want to Be a Wizard&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/A&gt;, and the accompanying YW short story, "Uptown Local".  The two podcasts will run about twenty minutes each.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112082198563774320?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/test-podcasts-air-today-or-tomorrow.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item><item><guid isPermaLink='false'>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-14240332.post-112065181893768790</guid><pubDate>Wed, 06 Jul 2005 12:04:00 +0000</pubDate><atom:updated>2005-07-06T10:28:02.590-07:00</atom:updated><title>Something new at YoungWizards.net:  Podcasting!</title><description>Starting in August 2005, Diane Duane will begin regular podcasts for readers of the best-selling &lt;A HREF="http://www.youngwizards.com/"&gt;Young Wizards&lt;/A&gt; series. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In each podcast, DD will answer questions from readers and fans, talk generally about the series, and -- starting in mid-August -- will read material from the new YW novel presently in progress, &lt;i&gt;A Wizard of Mars.&lt;/i&gt; This material will not appear "in print" on either of the Young Wizards websites until late in 2005, well after the October release of &lt;i&gt;Wizards at War&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Wizcast.youngwizards.net will be the home of the podcasted files. Information on how to find and download the podcasted audio files will be posted here as it becomes available.  The podcasts will be made available through iTunes, and linked to in numerous other podcasting directories and venues. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The first podcast is presently scheduled for release on August 1, 2005. If you want to participate by asking a question or suggesting a topic you'd like to hear DD discuss, send your request to:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;center&gt; &lt;A HREF="mailto:wizpodcast@googlemail.com"&gt;&amp;#119;&amp;#105;&amp;#122;&amp;#112;&amp;#111;&amp;#100;&amp;#099;&amp;#097;&amp;#115;&amp;#116;&amp;#064;&amp;#103;&amp;#111;&amp;#111;&amp;#103;&amp;#108;&amp;#101;&amp;#109;&amp;#097;&amp;#105;&amp;#108;&amp;#046;&amp;#099;&amp;#111;&amp;#109;&lt;/A&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/center&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Questions will be posted here on the WizCast blog as they're received, and listeners will be emailed to let them know if their question's going to be handled during a given podcast.&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/14240332-112065181893768790?l=www.youngwizards.com%2Fwizcast' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</description><link>http://www.youngwizards.com/wizcast/2005/07/something-new-at-youngwizardsnet.html</link><author>noreply@blogger.com (Diane)</author><thr:total>0</thr:total></item></channel></rss>                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
